Collagen sponge is a biomaterial used for medical applications.In dentistry this biomaterial can be used as a haemostatic sponge. This material is applied into socket after extraction procedure to control bleeding. Besides being used as a haemostatic sponge, collagen sponge also has a role as a socket preservation biomaterial. Where the collagen sponge has a porous texture that will support the growth of osteoblast cells. Collagen sponge are used as biomaterial in the field of tissue engineering to increase the life expectancy. Bovine amniotic membrane (BAM) contains collagen and growth factors that will accelerate wound healing after dental extraction procedure. The physical structure of the BAM in the form of a thin sheet will be difficult when applied to the extraction socket.

The aims of this study were to modify the physical structure of BAM in the form of a thin sheet into a sponge after that analyze its characteristics by SEM and FTIR. Fresh BAM was washed and divided into 2 parts. The first part in the form of sheets is immediately freeze dried. The second part was cut into pieces then added PBS in a ratio of 1:1. BAM and PBS are then blended until they form a slurry and are sticky like jelly, then freeze drying. After fabrication BAM and modified BAM, then it characterized by FTIR and SEM.

The result of fabrication BAM looks like a thin sheet, while the modified BAM looks like a sponge that has a porous structure by using SEM analysis. FTIR analysis showed the collagen content in the presence of functional groups amide A, Amide B, amide I, amide II, amide III in BAM and modified BAM.

From what stated above, it can be inferred that physical modification of BAM will create a porous spongy structure without removing the main component of collagen from BAM which plays a role in wound healing. The porous structure of the sponge will be a potential medium for cell growth to accelerate healing. Modification of BAM will form a porous physical structure like a sponge without losing its collagen as main component.

Author: Prof. Dr. Elly Munadziroh, drg., M.S.

Journal Link: Physical Modification of Bovine Amniotic Membrane for Dental Application