UNAIR NEWS – Public health remains a serious concern in many communities, with Norovirus now emerging as a pressing threat. This virus, part of the Enterovirus family, is the second most common cause of diarrhea in Indonesia, following Rotavirus.
Unlike Rotavirus, Norovirus currently has no vaccine, making it far more challenging to control. Addressing the issue, Anisa Lailatul Fitria, SGz, MSc—Nutrition lecturer of Universitas Airlangga’s Faculty of Public Health (FKM) and researcher with the Viral Diarrhea Study Group at the Institute of Tropical Disease—outlined the significant health risks posed by Norovirus in Indonesia.
Risk to malnourished children
Fitria explained that Norovirus has the potential to become the leading cause of diarrhea now that Rotavirus cases are declining due to vaccination. This trend is supported by global studies showing high Norovirus prevalence in countries with strong Rotavirus vaccine coverage.
“Norovirus spreads and replicates rapidly as it is an RNA virus. In our research, we found that children infected with Norovirus—whether symptomatic or not—often suffer from intestinal inflammation, which disrupts nutrient absorption,” she said.
She also pointed out that malnourished children are especially susceptible to Norovirus due to their weakened immune systems. Poor nutrition reduces the body’s ability to fight off infections, allowing viruses to spread more easily. Fitria emphasized that the public still lacks adequate understanding of the differences between viral and bacterial causes of diarrhea.
“Viral diarrhea is usually characterized by watery stools with minimal solid waste, while bacterial infections typically result in stools containing mucus and sometimes blood. Viral infections also pose a serious risk of dehydration due to excessive fluid loss, which can be fatal,” she explained.
Emphasizing prevention
Fitria highlighted the importance of prevention in curbing the spread of Norovirus. Practicing Clean and Healthy Living Behaviors (PHBS) is essential, and pet hygiene should not be overlooked, as Norovirus can also be transmitted through the feces of household animals like cats and dogs.
“There needs to be greater awareness among mothers and caregivers about the dangers of Norovirus and how to prevent its transmission. As academics, we are continuing our research to support strategies for managing the virus and preventing outbreaks,” she concluded.
Author: Rifki Sunarsis Ari Adi
Editor: Khefti Al Mawalia
