Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is recognized as a major contributor to global mortality. The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2017 report placed CKD as the 12th leading cause of death worldwide, with projections elevating it to the 5th position by 2040. Disruptions in calcium and phosphate regulation in CKD patients lead to vascular structural and
Augmented Reality (AR) is rapidly evolving and being integrated into various business sectors, including the halal cosmetics industry. Additionally, AR helps prevent contamination from non-halal ingredients and reduces the spread of diseases associated with shared testers. Despite these advantages, consumer adoption of AR in online cosmetic selection remains low. Many shoppers still cannot use AR,
This study examines the extent to which current land transport management policies contribute to CO2 emission reduction. Utilizing qualitative methods, in-depth interviews with 15 key informants including government officials and academics were conducted to gather comprehensive insights. The findings reveal that policies such as the development of mass transportation systems, incentives for electric vehicle adoption,
This article examines the rapid development and application of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare, alongside an analysis of the associated risks and regulatory challenges. AI has significantly transformed healthcare services by improving diagnostic accuracy, enabling the use of software as a medical device (SaMD), surgical robots, and various AI-driven applications such as machine learning, natural
A legal product, particularly a Constitutional Court decision, guarantees justice and certainty for all parties seeking justice. Wisdom in capturing legal problems and providing the best solution is an elegant step, representing the quality of scientific reasoning and the wisdom of people instructed under a mandate, especially for legal decisions laden with complexity. For academics,
The question of what “fairness” is is a question that is often heard, but the correct understanding is complicated and even abstract, especially when it is linked to various complex interests (Eisenberg, 2018). The issue of contract fairness continues to be debated by academics and legal practitioners. Along with technological developments, theories and studies regarding
Inflation has become a critical global economic challenge. In the United States, inflation peaked at 9.1% in June 2022, the highest level in four decades, before falling to 3.3% in May 2024 (Azam & Khan, 2022). This volatility significantly disrupts macroeconomic stability and reduces purchasing power, particularly affecting long-term investment assets such as 10-year US
People’s welfare is a universal goal that is the main focus of all countries in the world. One of the indicators used to measure welfare is the Human Development Index (HDI), which includes education, health and per capita income. HDI is a strategic indicator widely used to evaluate the overall efforts and performance of development
Scrolling through social media has become part of everyday life. People shop, look for jobs, build friendships, and seek opportunities online. But behind this convenience lies a growing danger: online scams that are increasingly sophisticated, organized, and difficult to detect. Across Indonesia and Malaysia, social media platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, and YouTube have become
This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the Jakarta Child Card (Kartu Anak Jakarta – KAJ), a social welfare initiative introduced by the Jakarta Provincial Government in 2019 to address gaps in early childhood development (ECD) policy. The program was designed to reduce malnutrition, improve early childhood education (ECE) enrollment, and promote inclusive welfare coverage
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