Corporations are considered to have limited status as subjects of international law. This status differs from other international legal subjects, such as countries or international organizations. Based on this proposition and the fact that individuals (natural persons) are also legal subjects, with the existence of rights and obligations based on international human rights law, corporations
Transportation is vital for daily activities, including the movement of goods, services, and labor. In Indonesia, rail transport has been important since 1864, with Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero) providing services that help reduce congestion. Trains efficiently carry large volumes of goods at relatively low costs and with high time efficiency, making them crucial for economic
Climate change poses significant challenges for coastal communities in northern Central Java, Indonesia, particularly in the cities of Semarang and Demak. These regions are increasingly vulnerable to a multitude of environmental threats, including rising sea levels, land subsidence, coastal erosion, tidal flooding, and extreme weather events. Such phenomena not only jeopardize the livelihoods of local
This study investigates life expectancy in Indonesia by comparing two nonparametric regression methods: Multivariate Adaptive Regression Spline (MARS) and Spline Nonparametric Regression, using 2023 data from 34 provinces provided by the Indonesian Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS). Life expectancy serves as a critical indicator of public health and overall welfare, influenced by various socioeconomic factors.
This study explores youth development in Indonesia through the Youth Development Index (YDI), a key indicator designed to assess youth progress across five domains: education, health, employment, participation, and gender equality. Despite having the largest youth population in Southeast Asia, Indonesia ranks only fifth in the region’s YDI. Using panel data from 34 provinces over
Hypertension is one of the important public health problems in Indonesia, which contributes to the high prevalence of non-communicable diseases. This study aims to model the prevalence of hypertension in Indonesia using the Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARS) method to identify significant predictors and their interactions. The data used was secondary data from the 2023
Gold is a precious metal that plays a vital role in global trade and is often used as a financial standard and a safe-haven investment during times of uncertainty. In 2024, gold prices surged due to high demand from central banks, geopolitical instability, and economic concerns such as inflation and global conflicts. Accurate forecasting of
Antibiotic resistance is a significant health issue in the world. These bacteria, which mutate and adapt to antibiotics and make inadequate therapy. These bacteria are classified as Multi-drug Resistant Organisms (MDRO), by which the organisms are no longer vulnerable at least to one type of antibiotic. Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) Escherichia coli and Methicillin
The presence of heavy metals is one of the main environmental issues. Heavy metals from industrial activities such as leather tanning, textiles, and electroplating can cause various problems, ranging from a decline in water quality to human health issues. Heavy metals can enter the human body through contaminated food and beverages or through air, leading
Tuberculosis is still a health problem both in Indonesia and in the world and is one of the leading causes of death. Unfortunately, the first-line OAT therapy that is currently recommended in Indonesia has some limitations, namely requiring a long duration of treatment and starting to find cases of resistance in its use. Drug Delivery
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